Topic: Prisoners of war
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Russian forces executed captured Ukrainian soldiers on Hulyaipole direction, Ukraine opens war crime investigation
Russian servicemembers, believed to be from the 38th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade, executed captured Ukrainian service members on the Hulyaipole direction in Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine's military reported on October 17. Spokesperson Maksym Kravchuk of the "South" force grouping said intercepts captured orders to "finish off" and "zero out" the unarmed prisoners, and Ukrainian forces also obtained drone video of the scene. Ukraine's Office of the Prosecutor General opened a pretrial investigation under Article 438 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine for a war crime causing death.
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Ukraine's 'Special Unit Timur' ambushes Russian special forces on Zaporizhzhia axis, taking one prisoner
Operators of Ukraine's military intelligence "Special Unit Timur" carried out a counter-sabotage operation on the Zaporizhzhia axis, ambushing and neutralising two groups from Russia's 10th Separate Guards Special Purpose Brigade and capturing one servicemember. Ukrainian intelligence said it established the groups' composition and routes through agent work and technical reconnaissance before the ambush. Radio Liberty said it could not independently verify the report.
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South Korea recalls ambassador to Ukraine amid dispute over North Korean POW transfer and fuel allegations
On October 8, South Korea's Foreign Ministry announced the recall of its ambassador to Ukraine, Park Hee-chang, amid a diplomatic dispute that erupted after President Volodymyr Zelensky announced at the UN General Assembly on September 23 that Ukraine had transferred two captured North Korean soldiers to South Korea. Seoul accused Kyiv of breaching a non-disclosure agreement and demanded an apology, while Ukraine's Office of the President and Foreign Ministry denied any such agreement existed. A separate row flared after Ukrainian sanctions adviser Vladyslav Vlasyuk, citing The Guardian, alleged that more than 176,000 tonnes of fuel were shipped from South Korea to Russia in July and August on sanctioned tankers; South Korea's presidential office rejected the claim as 'unacceptable' and cited official statistics showing no such exports.
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South Korean ports shipped over 176,000 tonnes of fuel to the Russian Far East in July–August, including via sanctioned tankers
A Guardian investigation found that over 176,000 tonnes of fuel, mostly diesel, were loaded onto seven tankers at South Korean ports in July and August and delivered to the Russian Far East. Three of the tankers were under UK and EU sanctions, and South Korea accounted for about 31% of Russia's seaborne oil-product imports in August. Ukraine's Foreign Ministry confirmed the finding, while the South Korean presidential office denied the allegations and said official trade statistics show no fuel exports from South Korea to Russia.
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South Korean president threatens "further action" over Ukraine's disclosure of North Korean POW transfer
South Korean President Lee Jae Myung threatened unspecified "further action" unless Ukraine publicly apologises for President Volodymyr Zelensky's disclosure at the UN General Assembly that two captured North Korean soldiers had been transferred to South Korea. Ukraine's foreign minister called the row a "diplomatic misunderstanding" and said Kyiv is working to resolve it, while the two governments dispute whether any confidentiality agreement on the transfer existed.
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Polish and Belarusian foreign ministers meet in New York, first at this level since 2016
Polish Foreign Minister Radosław Sikorski met Belarusian Foreign Minister Maxim Ryzhenkov on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly in New York, describing the encounter as a "breakthrough" in bilateral relations. According to Sikorski, the meeting was the first at this level between Poland and Belarus likely since 2016. Topics included the border situation, regional security, and Sikorski's request that Belarus not allow Russia to launch drones and missiles through its territory. Sikorski also announced Poland will soon open a new embassy building in Minsk.
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51 UN member states call on Russia to agree to unconditional ceasefire; US does not join
On 23 September, during the High-Level Week of the 81st UN General Assembly in New York, a group of UN member states issued a joint statement calling on Russia to agree to a full, immediate and unconditional ceasefire and engage in meaningful peace negotiations. The statement, presented by EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Kaja Kallas and Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha, notes that Ukraine had already agreed to such a ceasefire since March 2025. The United States did not join the appeal.
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At UN General Assembly, Zelensky calls Putin 'patient zero' of global war, unveils FREYJA air-defense program, and warns of painful winter for Russia
President Volodymyr Zelensky addressed the 81st UN General Assembly in New York on September 23, calling Vladimir Putin a "patient zero" spreading war, announcing the transfer of two captured North Korean soldiers to South Korea, and disclosing that Russia is using citizens of 47 countries in its war against Ukraine. He detailed Ukrainian strike figures, threatened retaliation against Russian energy infrastructure this winter, and unveiled the FREYJA anti-missile defense program with 10 partner countries. The speech followed a day of high-level diplomacy, including his meeting with US President Donald Trump and a Rubio-Lavrov exchange on a possible energy ceasefire.
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Russian occupation court in Zaporizhzhia Oblast sentences Melitopol journalist Iryna Levchenko to 15 years
An occupation court in Russia's Zaporizhzhia Oblast sentenced retired Melitopol journalist Iryna Levchenko to 15 years in a penal colony on espionage charges. Levchenko, who had been in Russian captivity for more than three years, was convicted under Article 276 of the Russian Criminal Code after a closed trial whose substantive allegations Ukrainian sources describe as fabricated.
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Budanov reveals years of back-channel contacts with Russia's GRU chief and Prigozhin, advises Zelensky against Donbas concessions
Head of the Office of the President of Ukraine Kyrylo Budanov said in an interview with The New York Times published on 4 September that he maintained long-running contacts with Russian military intelligence chief Admiral Igor Kostyukov and the late Wagner founder Yevgeny Prigozhin. He advised President Volodymyr Zelensky not to accept any compromise on Donbas that would give Russia formal control over territory its military failed to seize on the battlefield.
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HUR warns of disinformation campaign targeting military intelligence amid SBU clash
Ukraine's Main Intelligence Directorate (HUR) said on 3 September that a targeted disinformation campaign is being deployed to discredit military intelligence and its combat units, urging the public to trust only verified official sources and asking journalists to report any paid offers of dubious material. The warning came against the backdrop of an armed confrontation between HUR and the SBU in Kyiv on 2 September tied to the detention of Russian Volunteer Corps deputy commander Stepan Kaplunov, and was followed by President Volodymyr Zelensky dismissing an SBU department head and calling the SBU–HUR clash "shameful."