Victor Mykyta
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Ukraine launches Carpathian Eight summit in Bukovel; Hungary declines, railway deal and Naftogaz–MOL row follow
Ukraine hosted the inaugural Carpathian Eight (C8) summit in Bukovel on September 18–19, a new format bringing together Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Poland, Slovakia, Czechia, Austria, Hungary and the EU. Hungary declined to formally join, and Hungarian Prime Minister Péter Magyar publicly rejected a Naftogaz–MOL oil-storage memorandum signed at the summit. Participants also agreed to create a Railway Coalition to support Ukrzaliznytsia, with roughly $100 million from the URTF trust fund for locomotives and a €130 million EBRD energy-resilience agreement.