United Kingdom, France, Germany, Poland (E4)
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Zelensky meets Witkoff in Oslo; envoy heads to St Petersburg next
On 20 October, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky met US special envoy Steve Witkoff in Oslo alongside Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre and Finnish President Alexander Stubb, with Trump's son-in-law Jared Kushner joining remotely due to illness. The talks covered security guarantees for Ukraine, territorial questions, possible ceasefire formats and post-war reconstruction, and produced a document of guarantee options — including variants modelled on NATO Article 5 — that Witkoff is to hand to Moscow within 24 hours. Støre said the meeting was "good and constructive" and announced that Witkoff would travel to St Petersburg on 21 October to deliver the proposals to Russian leadership.