ESPO
ESPO (Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean) is a Russian oil pipeline system that carries crude from fields in Eastern Siberia, notably in Irkutsk Oblast and the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), to the export terminal at Kozmino on the Pacific coast. The system is owned and operated by the state-owned pipeline company Transneft. From Kozmino, crude is loaded onto tankers, while a branch of the pipeline supplies China via Skovorodino and Daqing.
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Russia's weekly seaborne oil revenue hits record $2.75 billion since full-scale invasion
Russia's seaborne crude export earnings reached $2.75 billion in the week to September 27, the highest weekly figure since the start of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, driven by higher volumes and rising Urals and ESPO prices. The jump comes as Ukrainian drone strikes have reshaped Russia's export mix and Moscow's own diesel export ban partially offsets the gains.