Black Sea Grain Initiative
The Black Sea Grain Initiative was an international agreement brokered by Turkey and the United Nations in July 2022 between Ukraine, Russia, and the UN to allow the safe export of Ukrainian grain and other foodstuffs through Black Sea ports despite the ongoing Russian invasion. It established a designated maritime humanitarian corridor from three Ukrainian ports and was accompanied by a separate arrangement facilitating Russian fertilizer and grain exports. The deal operated in two phases — from August to November 2022, and from November 2022 until July 2023, when Russia refused to renew its participation, effectively ending the initiative.
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EU's Kallas calls for Black Sea attacks moratorium to restore Ukraine grain exports
EU High Representative Kaja Kallas called for a moratorium on attacks in the Black Sea region to restore Ukraine's maritime grain exports, speaking at a UN General Assembly thematic event on the Black Sea and global food security. She said Ukraine's maritime grain exports have effectively stopped since August due to escalated Russian attacks, and that nearly 90% of Ukrainian agricultural exports move via the Black Sea corridor. Turkey has reportedly transmitted proposals to Ukraine and Russia aimed at halting hostilities in the Black Sea.